He played a crucial role for the government during the presidency of Francisco I Madero and during the campaign of Emiliano Zapata. At the time he continued to make satirical illustrations and cartoons featured in the magazine, El Jicote.
The works he completed in his press during this time allowed him to develop his artistic prowess as a draftsman, engraver and lithographer. įrom the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution in 1910 until his death in 1913, Posada worked tirelessly in the press. Much of his work was also published in sensationalistic broadsides depicting various current events. He later joined the staff of a publishing firm owned by Antonio Vanegas Arroyo and while at this firm he created a prolific number of book covers and illustrations. His first regular employment in the capital was with La Patria Ilustrada, whose editor was Ireneo Paz, the grandfather of the later famed writer Octavio Paz. The shop flourished until 1888 when a disastrous flood hit the city.
In 1883, following his success, he was hired as a teacher of lithography at the local Preparatory School. He illustrated the famous skulls, along with other illustrations that became popular as they were distributed to various newspapers and periodicals. In his broad and varied work, Posada portrayed beliefs, daily lifestyles of popular groups, the abuses of government, and the exploitation of the common people. From then on Posada undertook work that earned him popular acceptance and admiration for his sense of humor and propensity concerning the quality of his work. He began to work with Antonio Vanegas Arroyo, until he was able to establish his own lithographic workshop. He collaborated with the newspaper La Patria Ilustrada and the Revisita de Mexico until the early months of 1890. Īt the end of 1888, he moved to Mexico City, where he learned the craft and technique of engraving in lead and zinc. He survived the great flood of León on 18 June 1888, of which he published several lithographs representing the tragedy in which more than two hundred and fifty corpses were found and more than 1,400 people were reported missing. įrom 1875 to 1888, Posada continued to collaborate with several newspapers in León, including La Gacetilla, el Pueblo Caótico and La education. The following year he purchased the printing press from Pedroza. In 1873, he returned to his home in Aguascalientes City where he married María de Jesús Vela in 1875. He also continued his work with lithographs and wood engravings. While in Leon, Posada opened his own workshop and worked as a teacher of lithography at the local secondary school.
In 1872, Posada and Pedroza dedicated themselves to commercial lithography in León, Guanajuato. The newspaper closed after 11 issues, reportedly because one of Posada's cartoons had offended a powerful local politician. In 1871, before he was out of his teens, his career began with a job as the political cartoonist for a local newspaper in Aguascalientes, El Jicote ("The Bumblebee"), where his first cartoons were published. Later, in 1868, as a teenager he apprenticed in the workshop of Jose Trinidad Pedroza, who taught him lithography and engraving. He then joined La Academia Municipal de Dibujo de Aguascalientes (the Municipal Drawing Academy of Aguascalientes). Posada's brother taught him reading, writing and drawing. Posada was one of eight children and received his early education from his older brother Cirilo, a country school teacher. His father was Germán Posada Serna and his mother Petra Aguilar Portillo. Posada was born in Aguascalientes on 2 February 1852.
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